Everything about The Pamir Languages totally explained
The
Pamir languages are a subgroup of the
Iranian languages, spoken by
Pamiri people in the
Pamir Mountains, primarily along the
Panj River and its tributaries. This includes the southern
Gorno-Badakhshan province of
Tajikistan and the neighboring
Badakhshan region that extends into northeastern
Afghanistan.
Sarikoli, one of the languages of the Pamir group, is spoken beyond the
Sarikol ridge on the Afghanistan-China border, and thus qualifies as the eastern-most of the extant Iranian languages.
Members of the Pamir language group include
Shughni,
Sarikoli,
Yazgulyam,
Munji,
Sanglechi-Ishkashmi,
Wakhi, and
Yidgha. These are
Southeastern Iranian languages and have the
Subject Object Verb syntactic typology. The vast majority of Pamir language speakers also speak
Tajik, which is—unlike the languages of the Pamir group—a
Southwestern Iranian tongue. The language group is endangered, with total number of speakers roughly around 100,000 (as of 1990).
The
Bulgar language spoken by the ancestors of modern-day
Bulgarians is believed by some to have been a Pamir language (although it's more commonly regarded as
Turkic). After the Bulgars migrated to the
Balkans in
7th century,
Bulgars merged with the local
Slavs and adopted their South
Slavic language, from which modern
Bulgarian developed.
Shugni-Yazgulami
The
Shughni,
Sarikoli, and
Yazgulyam languages belong to the
Shugni-Yazgulami sub-branch. There are about 75,000 speakers of languages in this family in
Afghanistan and
Tajikstan (including the dialects of
Rushani,
Oroshani,
Bartangi,
Oroshor,
Khufi, and
Shughni). As of
1982, there were about 20,000 speakers of Sarikoli in the
Sarikol Valley located in the
Tashkorgan Tajik Autonomous County in
Xinjiang Province,
China. Shughni and Sarikoli are not mutually intelligible. In
1994, there were 4000 speakers of Yazgulyam along the
Yazgulyam River in
Tajikistan. Yazgulyam isn't written.
Munji
The
Munji language is closely related to
Yidgha, and in 1992 there were around 2500 speakers in the
Munjan and
Mamalgha Valleys of northeastern
Afghanistan.
Sanglechi-Ishkashimi
There are about 2500 speakers of
Sanglechi-
Ishkashmi in
Afghanistan and
Tajikistan (dialects:
Sanglechi,
Ishkashmi,
Zebaki). Sanglechi-Ishkashimi isn't a written language.
Wakhi
There are around 29,000 speakers of the
Wakhi language in
Afghanistan,
Tajikistan,
China, and
Pakistan.
Yidgha
There are about 6000 speakers of
Yidgha in
Pakistan. Yidgha is closely related to the
Munji language of
Afghanistan.
Vanji
The
Vanji language was spoken in the
Vanj river valley the
Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province in
Tajikistan. In the
19th century the region was forcibly annexed to the
Bukharan Emirate and a violent assimilation campaign was undertaken. By the end of the 19th century the Vanji language had disappeared.
==
Further Information
Get more info on 'Pamir Languages'.
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